Repeated exposure to traumatic images may be harmful to health

ScienceDaily (Sep. 4, 2012) ? Repeated exposure to violent images from the terrorist attacks of September 11 and the Iraq War led to an increase in physical and psychological ailments in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, according to a new UC Irvine study.

The study sheds light on the lingering effects of "collective traumas" such as natural disasters, mass shootings and terrorist attacks. A steady diet of graphic media images may have long-lasting mental and physical health consequences, says study author Roxane Cohen Silver, UCI professor of psychology & social behavior, medicine and public health.

"I would not advocate restricting nor censoring war images for the psychological well-being of the public," Silver said. "Instead, I think it's important for people to be aware that there is no psychological benefit to repeated exposure to graphic images of horror."

People who watched more than four hours a day of 9/11- and Iraq War-related television coverage (in the weeks after the attacks and at the start of the war) reported both acute and post-traumatic stress symptoms over time. Those who watched more than four hours a day of 9/11-related coverage in the weeks after the attacks reported physician-diagnosed physical health ailments two to three years later.

Seeing two particular kinds of images in the early days of the Iraq War was associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms over time: soldiers engaged in battle and dead U.S. and Allied soldiers.

The study included assessments of participants' mental and physical health before the 9/11 attacks and information about their media exposure and acute stress responses immediately after the attacks and after the initiation of the Iraq War. Researchers conducted follow up assessments in the three years after 9/11.

The acute stress period refers to the first few weeks after the event and post-traumatic stress is any time after one month. Researchers started to measure stress nine to 14 days after 9/11 and within a few days after the start of the Iraq War.

Almost 12 percent of the 1,322 participants reported high levels of acute stress related to 9/11 and about 7 percent reported high levels of acute stress related to the Iraq War. After taking pre-9/11 mental health, demographic characteristics, and lifetime trauma exposure into account, people who watched four or more hours of 9/11- or Iraq War-related television were more likely to experience symptoms of acute stress.

"The results suggest that exposure to graphic media images may be an important mechanism through which the impact of collective trauma is dispersed widely," Silver says. "Our findings are both relevant and timely as vivid images reach larger audiences than ever before through YouTube, social media and smartphones."

Funded by the National Science Foundation, the study appears in a forthcoming issue of Psychological Science, the flagship journal of the Association for Psychological Science. It was co-authored by Alison Holman, assistant professor of nursing at UCI; Judith Pizarro Andersen of the University of Toronto, Mississauga; Michael Poulin of the University at Buffalo; Daniel McIntosh of the University of Denver; and Virginia Gil-Rivas of the University of North Carolina, Charlotte.

"When we consider that graphic images of individuals being overcome by the 2011 tsunami in Japan were shown repeatedly, that a vigorous debate occurred last year regarding the release of the gruesome death photos of Osama bin Laden, and that vivid and disturbing images of 9/11 will likely appear on our television screens marking the anniversary of the attacks, we believe that our paper has something important to say regarding the impact of repeated exposure to graphic traumatic images," Silver said.

Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:

Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:


Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - Irvine.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/top_health/~3/vz_81djB8gY/120904150108.htm

Foo lance armstrong

Building or Remodeling a Home? Think Lock Security | DC ...

During the exciting time of having your house built or remodeled, make sure to consider one of the most important features that will keep you and your family safe for years to come: security.

According to the National Crime Prevention Council, about six out of 10 completed burglaries take place without any sign of forced entry, suggesting that either a door or window was left unlocked or that a duplicate key was used to open one.

Residential burglary is one of the most frequently reported crimes. It also is the most preventable. Locking your windows and doors and having proper lock security is the easiest and most cost-efficient way to prevent burglary.

The first step in securing your remodeled or newly built home is to deadbolt exterior doors. Deadbolts are available in several formats. Some are key operated from both inside and out, key operated from the outside and open with a thumbturn on the inside, or solely operated with a thumbturn on the inside. Check with your local crime prevention authority to determine what kind of lock is recommended in your area.

Remember that not all locks are created equally. For maximum protection, choose high-security locks. For example, locks made by Medeco incorporate features that protect against drilling and picking. Keys for these locks can only be made by authorized Medeco dealers after you show proper identification. This ensures that only you can authorize the duplication of your keys.

Sliding glass doors tend to be an easy point of entry. Special locks and bars are available to prevent lifting and prying of the door. You also can put a wooden dowel or broom handle in the door track.

When thinking lock security, don?t forget about your windows. Traditional double-hung windows, which have a top and bottom sash that slides up and down, continue to be the most popular window type installed in remodeled or newly built homes. To secure these windows, install a window sash lock, a lock that?s attached to the sashes of a double-hung window to keep in a shut position.

Source: http://dcjaunimas.org/building-or-remodeling-a-home-think-lock-security.html

clemson pellet gun clay aiken zambrano

Basic Tips On How To Have Got A Profitable Home Based Business ...

Many individuals learned that one path to economic accomplishment is a home business. This could be the truth, but people generally don?t know how to begin. Studying everything you could in regards to the start up and continuous procedure of a home business can help you as you acquire your first methods after which keep on track. The info covered in the following paragraphs can help you find out. product launch formula jeff walker

Should you be just starting out establish interactions within your company, you may think about excusing some laxity within your customers? repayment habits. However, this could substantially lower your earnings. You must establish repayment information about all communication as well as enforce a later repayment policy.

Find the spots of your customers and try to contact them immediately. You can attract lots of people on the internet, but you can also get a great deal of new business in the real world. Have a booth at a nearby celebration or get another way to reach customers in your actual physical area. spillover commissions

Take the time to actually take into account when your requirements are reasonable. Do you have a reducing-side product which is very popular? Do you possess any practical experience jogging this kind of company, and do you have what it takes to perform it using the integrity and integrity that people assume from a businessman?

When at your workplace, established ground guidelines to be certain relatives and friends tend not to disrupt you. Permit men and women know upfront that you may be operating, so that they aren?t tempted to drop by uninvited. If you will find those who insist upon going to when you are trying to job, get them visit yet another place and delay until you?re all set for the crack. ultimate lead generation machine

Work with a business street address in place of a publish office container if your enterprise is located outdoors of your very own residence. Create customer self confidence by using you actual street address instead of a P.O. container. Having a actual street address gives your business feelings of permanence which can be reassuring to your buyers.

To produce your organization far more obvious, take advantage of the confirmed, profitable strategies for seo. SEO is one of the most powerful equipment home-based business owners have at their convenience it might tremendously increase the volume of individuals who view their websites. If you?re interested in optimizing your web site for search engines like yahoo all by yourself, there are numerous tutorials that will assist you in the process.

Use every thing available to avoid wasting money, especially when you?re just beginning your company. You are going to cut costs by establishing besides an area at your residence for the place of work as opposed to hiring an independent place. Preventing buying anything that isn?t essential for your company will assist retain the low expenditures heading. By using a budget for your expenditures helps keep the costs of your respective items inexpensive.Market your home-based business online. Develop a client warm and friendly web site, or hire someone to do it for yourself. Provide useful information for the customers, and offer them the opportunity order your merchandise online along with maintain experience of you. The following advice should help you in your ventures.

In the event you can?t decide which product you want to encourage at your residence enterprise, you should put some thought into which goods can be helpful in your daily life. Product choices must be in relation to the requirements of shoppers. The larger the possibility that one could utilize an product or assistance, the better the possibility other folks can use that product or assistance too.

Always look in the direction of the future. Honoring ensuring your success previously is good, but remember that individuals achievements have already happened. It?s much more significant to concentrate on the future and the way you should get prepared for it. These items will get you ready for more recent possibilities and potential obstructions. In this way, you simply will not be surprised.

It is recommended to know the price of generation for almost any products which you promote. Wholesale symbol-up could double the value. Retail store rates symbol-up is 2 times the general value. Set an amount that includes your costs, which is sensitive to the market.

As was described earlier in this article, a home organization could be equally desirable and a little overwhelming. With any luck , you might have gleaned some really good info and assistance from your suggestions discussed in this article. Put that assistance into motion, and view as stuff start to operate much more effortlessly for your residence organization.

Related posts:

  1. Great Tips For A Profitable Home Business
  2. Tips On How To Run A Lucrative Home Based Business
  3. Tips And Tricks For A Productive Home-based Business
  4. Internet Based Home Business Tips On Making Money
  5. Tips On Creating A Home Based Internet Business

Filed in: Uncategorized
Tagged with: dan kennedy ultimate lead generation machine ? product launch formula ? spillover commissions

Source: http://mysecondsalary.com/2012/09/04/basic-tips-on-how-to-have-got-a-profitable-home-based-business/

oral roberts les paul fred thompson fred thompson red hook romney tax return the tree of life movie

Source: http://agustin28.typepad.com/blog/2012/09/basic-tips-on-how-to-have-got-a-profitable-home-based-business.html

the bourne legacy roland martin suspended lake vostok montgomery county public schools the river dr dog ke$ha

Clinton to urge ASEAN unity on South China Sea

US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, left, talks to the media as Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa listens during a press conference after their meeting in Jakarta, Indonesia, Monday, Sept. 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)

US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, left, talks to the media as Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa listens during a press conference after their meeting in Jakarta, Indonesia, Monday, Sept. 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)

US State Secretary Hillary Rodham Clinton, center, walks with Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa after their meeting in Jakarta, Indonesia, Monday, Sept. 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)

US Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton, left, talks to the media as Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa listens during a press conference after their meeting in Jakarta, Indonesia, Monday, Sept. 3, 2012. (AP Photo/Dita Alangkara)

JAKARTA, Indonesia (AP) ? U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton called Monday for Southeast Asian states to present a united front to the Chinese in dealing with territorial disputes in the South China Sea to "literally calm the waters." And she urged all involved to make "meaningful progress" on a process for ending conflicts by November.

In Indonesia's capital Clinton offered strong U.S. support for a regionally endorsed plan to ease rising tensions by implementing a code of conduct for all claimants to disputed islands. Jakarta is the headquarters of the Association of South East Asian Nations, and Clinton also pressed the group to insist that China agree to a formal mechanism to reduce short-term risks of conflict and ultimately come to final settlements over sovereignty.

"The United States has a national interest, as every country does, in the maintenance of peace and stability, respect for international law, freedom of navigation, unimpeded lawful commerce in the South China Sea," Clinton told reporters at a news conference with Indonesian Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa.

"The United States does not take a position on competing territorial claims ... but we believe the nations of the region should work collaboratively to resolve disputes without coercion, without intimidation and certainly without the use of force," she said. "That is why we encourage ASEAN and China to make meaningful progress toward finalizing a comprehensive code of conduct in order to establish rules of the road and clear procedures for peacefully addressing disagreements."

Indonesia has played a leading role in putting the six-point plan together after ASEAN was unable to reach consensus on the matter in July. Clinton said the U.S. is "encouraged" by the plan but wants it acted on ? particularly implementation and enforcement of the code of conduct, which has languished since a preliminary framework for it was first agreed in 2002.

Clinton said the U.S., wants to see the disputes resolved between China and ASEAN. It said the alliance has collective clout that its 10 members do not have individually, adding that the U.S. sees it as important for ASEAN and China to have something to show for their efforts by a November summit of East Asian leaders that President Barack Obama plans to attend in Cambodia.

"It is time for diplomacy," she said. "We have the East Asia Summit coming up. This should be the goal that diplomacy pursues to try to attain agreement ... on a robust code of conduct to begin and begin to try to literally calm the waters and enable people to work together toward better outcomes. I think we can make progress before the East Asia Summit and it is certainly in everyone's interest that we do so."

Natalegawa agreed with Clinton on the importance of the code of conduct and the need to set it up quickly.

"We must try to have the code of conduct," he said. "Absent a code of conduct, absent the diplomatic process, we can be certain of more incidents and tension for our region. Absent an ASEAN unity, the question will become like a loose cannon in the way the issue is discussed."

China and a host of Southeast Asian countries, including the Philippines, Vietnam and Brunei, have overlapping claims to several small, but potentially energy-rich areas of the South China Sea. The U.S. position has riled China, which has become increasingly assertive in pressing its territorial claims with its smaller neighbors and wants the disputes to be resolved individually with each country, giving it greater leverage than dealing with a bloc.

In July, China angered the United States, as well as Vietnam and the Philippines, by creating a city and military garrison on a remote island 220 miles (350 kilometers) from its southernmost province intended to administer hundreds of thousands of square miles (kilometers) of water where China wants to strengthen its control over disputed islands. China, which also has disputes with Japan in the East China Sea, rejected the criticism.

In Beijing on Monday, the Chinese foreign ministry reiterated China's stance.

"The South China Sea issue is a dispute between the south China region countries and should be negotiated and resolved by them in a friendly way," spokesman Hong Lei said. "Other countries outside the region should respect the choice of those countries, and do more to help regional peace and stability and not the opposite."

Clinton travels to China on Tuesday to continue talks on the South China Sea and a number of other issues, including the crisis in Syria and ways to deal with Iran and North Korea's nuclear programs.

Clinton is in Indonesia on the second stop of an 11-day, six-nation tour that began in the Cook Islands will take her to East Timor, Brunei and Russia's Far East after China.

While in Jakarta, Clinton said she had raised human rights concerns in the wake of recent upticks in mob violence against religious minorities. She said Indonesia and the United States agreed that "there should be no discrimination against minorities on any basis and that we should promote freedom and tolerance for all."

Human Rights Watch had called for Clinton to bring up such cases and press the government "to take concrete steps to address rising religious intolerance" in Indonesia. It also asked her to address Indonesian authorities' use of blasphemy and criminal defamation laws that it says are being used to persecute minorities and political activists.

In addition, Clinton called for a dialogue in Indonesia's restive Papua province, which has been plagued by separatist violence.

"We support the territorial integrity of Indonesia, and that includes Papua and West Papua provinces," she said. "We believe strongly that dialogue ... would help address the concerns that Papuans have."

Papua, a former Dutch colony in the western part of New Guinea, was incorporated into Indonesia in 1969 after a U.N.-sponsored ballot. A small, poorly armed separatist group known as the Free Papua Movement has battled for independence since then.

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/386c25518f464186bf7a2ac026580ce7/Article_2012-09-03-Clinton-Asia/id-dd8e9710052149b29a4186bde48d6d7a

rudolph the red nosed reindeer adam carolla rick neuheisel rick neuheisel andrea bocelli john hughes panasonic lumix dmc lx5

Global Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO) Industry - African Business ...

NEW YORK, Sept. 3, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Reportlinker.com announces that a new market research report is available in its catalogue:

Global Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO) Industry

http://www.reportlinker.com/p0960406/Global-Legal-Process-Outsourcing-LPO-Ind...&utm_medium=pr&utm_campaign=Legal_Services

This report analyzes the worldwide markets for Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO) in US$ Million. The report provides separate comprehensive analytics for India, Philippines, and Rest of World. Annual estimates and forecasts are provided for the period 2009 through 2018. The report profiles 75 companies including many key and niche players such as Accentia Technologies Ltd., American Discovery, Inc., Amstar Litigation Support, Bodhi Global Services (P) Ltd., Clutch Group, Cobra Legal Solutions, LLC, CPA Global Limited, Evalueserve, Ltd., Infosys Technologies Ltd., Integreon, Mindcrest, Inc., Pangea3, LLC, QuisLex, SDD Global Solutions Pvt. Ltd., UnitedLex Corporation, and Wipro IT. Market data and analytics are derived from primary and secondary research. Company profiles are primarily based upon search engine sources in the public domain.

I. INTRODUCTION, METHODOLOGY & PRODUCT DEFINITIONS

Study Reliability and Reporting Limitations I-1

Disclaimers I-2

Data Interpretation & Reporting Level I-2

Quantitative Techniques & Analytics I-3

Product Definitions and Scope of Study I-3

II. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW II-1

A Prelude II-1

Current and Future Analysis II-1

A Snapshot of Global LPO Industry II-2

Law Firms Increasingly Adopt Outsourcing Models II-2

LPO Industry Flourishes II-2

Major Countries Involved in LPO II-3

Market Drivers II-3

Market Challenges II-3

Instability of Host Nation Keeps Law Firms on Thin Ice II-4

LPO Hubs to Face Tough Competition from Onshore Rural

Outsourcing Zones II-4

Significant Trends in the Global LPO Industry II-5

Geographic Perspective II-5

India - A Key Destination for Offshore Legal Services II-5

European Firms Increasingly Opt for LPO II-5

China Seeks to Attract LPO Work II-5

LPO Services in Philippines to Witness Expansion II-6

Mauritius Emerges as New LPO Destination II-6

Industry Perspective II-7

Changes in the Law Industry Transform LPO II-7

Legal Administrative and Secretarial Functions Gain Grip II-7

Complex Processes Added to Paralegal Outsourcing II-7

Integrated Technology Enabled Solutions Revolutionize

Contract and Litigation Processes II-8

LPO Industry Witnesses Rampant Consolidation Activity II-8

Negative Sentiments of US Policymakers Expected to Hurt LPO

Industry II-8

Legal Process Outsourcing to Restructure Law Practices Globally II-9

Onshore Legal Outsourcing Also Popular with Large Companies II-9

2. LEGAL PROCESS OUTSOURCING: AN OVERVIEW II-10

Legal Process Outsourcing: An Introduction II-10

Types of LPO Services II-10

Legal Research II-10

Legal Writing II-10

Document Modeling II-11

Others II-11

Important Terms Related to Legal Process Outsourcing II-11

Diversity in LPO Services II-13

Legal Processes Requiring Low Level Qualitative Skill II-14

Legal Processes Requiring High Qualitative Expertise II-14

Types of LPO Service Providers II-14

Categorization by Terms of Service II-14

Full KPO/BPO Service Providers II-14

Full Spectrum LPO Service Providers II-14

Legal Support Service Providers II-15

Categorization by Structure of LPOs II-15

Captive Centers II-15

Third-Party Multi-Service Vendors II-15

Third-Party LPOs II-15

Advantages II-15

Limitations of Legal Process Outsourcing II-16

Ethical Implications Related to LPO II-17

3. RECENT INDUSTRY ACTIVITY II-19

Lex Forska Solutions Enters into Alliance with Shah Peerally

Law Group II-19

CPA Global Collaborates with ICEBERG Innovation Partners II-19

Farrer Inks Agreement with Integreon II-19

Seclore and KLexServe Enter into Strategic Partnership II-20

SFL Data and Cobra Legal Solutions Enter into Strategic Alliance II-20

Thomson Reuters Introduces Online Legal Research Service in

Brazil II-20

JUDICATA Introduces LPO Service II-21

Accentia Technologies to Foray into Legal Process Outsourcing II-21

Advent Lawyers and Pangea3 Form Alliance II-21

UnitedLex and Bristol-Myers Squibb Ink Agreement II-21

British Telecom Selects UnitedLex II-21

Thomson Reuters Takes Over Pangea3 II-22

UnitedLex Acquires LawScribe II-22

Intermediate Capital Group Acquires Minority Interest in CPA

Global II-22

Pangea3 Establishes New Facility in Noida II-22

Pangea3 to Establish a New Center II-23

Overlegen Services Sets Up New Office in Austin II-23

Cobra Legal Solutions Enters into Strategic Partnership with

LDM Global II-23

IDS Legal Enters into Partnership with H3 Consulting II-23

Mahindra Satyam BPO Partners with Direct Channel Holding II-24

Integreon Inks Agreement with CMS Cameron McKenna II-24

Actis Acquires Minority Interest in Integreon II-25

Microsoft Collaborates with Integreon II-25

4. SELECT GLOBAL PLAYERS II-26

Accentia Technologies Ltd. (India) II-26

American Discovery, Inc. (The Philippines) II-26

Amstar Litigation Support (US) II-26

Bodhi Global Services (P) Ltd. (India) II-26

Clutch Group (US) II-27

Cobra Legal Solutions, LLC (US) II-27

CPA Global Limited (UK) II-27

Evalueserve, Ltd. (Romania) II-27

Infosys Technologies Ltd. (India) II-28

Integreon (US) II-28

Mindcrest, Inc. (US) II-28

Pangea3, LLC (US) II-28

QuisLex (US) II-28

SDD Global Solutions Pvt. Ltd. (US) II-29

UnitedLex Corporation (US) II-29

Wipro IT (India) II-29

5. GLOBAL MARKET PERSPECTIVE II-30

Table 1: World Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for

Legal Process Outsourcing by Geographic Region - India, the

Philippines and Rest of World Markets Independently Analyzed

with Annual Sales Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009

through 2018 (includes corresponding Graph/Chart) II-30

Table 2: World 10-Year Perspective for Legal Process

Outsourcing by Geographic Region - Percentage Breakdown of

Dollar Sales for India, the Philippines and Rest of World

Markets for Years 2009, 2012 and 2018 (includes corresponding

Graph/Chart) II-31

III. MARKET

1. INDIA III-1

A.Market Analysis III-1

India - The Top Destination for Global Legal Process

Outsourcin III-1

Key Markets Addressed III-1

Transformation in the Legal Services Market: A Retrospect III-2

Structure of Indian LPO Industry III-2

Classification Based on Type of Vendors III-2

Classification Based on Value of Work III-2

Classification Based on Value of Work III-2

Growth Propelling Factors for Indian LPOs III-3

Cost Benefits III-3

Superior Quality III-3

Productivity III-3

Indian Government Policies III-3

Notable Trends III-4

High-end LPO Processes Gain Ground in India III-4

Indian LPO Market Continues to Outpace China III-4

On a Recruiting Spree III-4

Indian LPOs Eye Japanese and South Korean Markets for New

Business Prospects III-4

Australian and European Markets Captures the Interest of

India-based LPOs III-5

India to Face Competition from Growing South African LPO

Industry III-5

LPO Sector Dispels Recession III-5

Quality of Service and Data Confidentiality - Key

Challenges Ahead III-6

Key Players III-6

B.Market Analytics III-8

Table 3: Indian Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis for

Legal Process Outsourcing with Annual Sales Figures in US$

Million for Years 2009 through 2018 (includes corresponding

Graph/Chart) III-8

2. THE PHILIPPINES III-9

A.Market Analysis III-9

Legal Process Outsourcing in the Philippines: Overview III-9

American Discovery - A Key Player III-9

B.Market Analytics III-10

Table 4: Philippine Recent Past, Current and Future Analysis

for Legal Process Outsourcing with Annual Sales Figures in

US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2018 (includes

corresponding Graph/Chart) III-10

3. REST OF WORLD III-11

A.Market Analysis III-11

Current & Future Analysis III-11

Legal Process Outsourcing in the US III-11

Canadian LPO Industry III-12

Key Players III-12

B.Market Analytics III-15

Table 5: Rest of World Recent Past, Current and Future

Analysis for Legal Process Outsourcing with Annual Sales

Figures in US$ Million for Years 2009 through 2018 (includes

corresponding Graph/Chart) III-15

IV. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

Total Companies Profiled: 75 (including Divisions/Subsidiaries - 76)

The United States (25)

Canada (1)

Europe (7)

- The United Kingdom (4)

- Rest of Europe (3)

Asia-Pacific (Excluding Japan) (41)

Latin America (1)

Africa (1)

To order this report:

Legal_Services Industry: Global Legal Process Outsourcing (LPO) Industry

__________________________

Contact Nicolas: nicolasbombourg@reportlinker.com

US: (805)-652-2626

Intl: +1 805-652-2626

SOURCE Reportlinker

Source: http://www.africanbusinessreview.co.za/press_releases/global-legal-process-outsourcing-lpo-industry

memphis grizzlies celebrity apprentice grizzlies bronx zoo crash april 30 wwe extreme rules 2012 vontaze burfict

Can?t smell anything? Discovery may give you hope

ScienceDaily (Sep. 2, 2012) ? Scientists have restored the sense of smell in mice through gene therapy for the first time -- a hopeful sign for people who can't smell anything from birth or lose it due to disease.

The achievement in curing congenital anosmia -- the medical term for lifelong inability to detect odors -- may also aid research on other conditions that also stem from problems with the cilia. Those tiny hair-shaped structures on the surfaces of cells throughout the body are involved in many diseases, from the kidneys to the eyes.

The new findings, published online in Nature Medicine, come from a team at the University of Michigan Medical School and their colleagues at several other institutions.

The researchers caution that it will take time for their work to affect human treatment, and that it will be most important for people who have lost their sense of smell due to a genetic disorder, rather than those who lose it due to aging, head trauma, or chronic sinus problems. But their work paves the way for a better understanding of anosmia at the cellular level.

"Using gene therapy in a mouse model of cilia dysfunction, we were able to rescue and restore olfactory function, or sense of smell," says senior author Jeffrey Martens, Ph.D., an associate professor of pharmacology at U-M. "Essentially, we induced the neurons that transmit the sense of smell to regrow the cilia they'd lost."

The mice in the study all had a severe genetic defect that affected a protein called IFT88, causing a lack of cilia throughout their bodies. Such mice are prone to poor feeding and to early death as a result. In humans, the same genetic defect is fatal.

The researchers were able to insert normal IFT88 genes into the cells of the mice by giving them a common cold virus loaded with the normal DNA sequence, and allowing the virus to infect them and insert the DNA into the mouse's own cells. They then monitored cilia growth, feeding habits, and well as signals within and between the nerve cells, called neurons, that are involved in the sense of smell.

Only 14 days after the three-day treatment, the mice had a 60 percent increase in their body weight, an indication they were likely eating more. Cell-level indicators showed that neurons involved in smelling were firing correctly when the mice were exposed to amyl acetate, a strong-smelling chemical also called banana oil.

"At the molecular level, function that had been absent was restored," says Martens.

"By restoring the protein back into the olfactory neurons, we could give the cell the ability to regrow and extend cilia off the dendrite knob, which is what the olfactory neuron needs to detect odorants," says postdoctoral fellow and first author Jeremy McIntyre, Ph.D.

Martens notes that the research has importance for other ciliopathies, or diseases caused by cilia dysfunction. These include such conditions as polycystic kidney disease, retinitis pigmentosa in the eye, and rare inherited disorders such as Alstr?m syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome, primary ciliary dyskinesia and nephronopthisis.

Scientists believe that nearly every cell in the body has the capacity to grow one or more cilia. In the olfactory system, multiple cilia project from olfactory sensory neurons, sensory cells that are found in the olfactory epithelium, tissue high up in the nasal cavity. Receptors that bind odorants are localized on the cilia, which is why a loss of cilia results in a loss in the ability to smell.

Because the new findings show that gene therapy is a viable option for the functional rescue of cilia in established, already differentiated cells, researchers working on those conditions might be able to use gene therapy to attempt to restore cilia function as well.

Meanwhile, Martens and his team will continue to look for other cilia-related genetic causes of anosmia, including those that are not lethal in humans.

"We hope this stimulates the olfactory research community to look at anosmia caused by other factors, such as head trauma and degenerative diseases," he says. "We know a lot about how this system works -- now have to look at how to fix it when it malfunctions." And, he notes because the neurons involved in the sense of smell connect to the nose, delivery of gene therapy treatments would not need to involve invasive procedures.

The study was funded by four parts of National Institutes of Health: the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communications Disorders, the National Institute on Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the National Eye Institute.

In addition to Martens and McIntyre, the paper's authors include Ariell Joiner, Corey Williams, Paul Jenkins, Dyke McEwen, Lian Zhang and John Escobado from the Martens lab at U-M; Randall Reed from the Johns Hopkins University; Erica Davis, I-Chun Tsai and Nicholas Katsanis from Duke University; Aniko Sabo, Donna Muzny and Richard Gibbs from the Baylor College of Medcine; Eric Green and James Mullikin from the National Institutes of Health Intramural Sequencing Center; Bradley Yoder from the University of Alabama-Birmingham; Sophie Thomas and Tania Atti?-Bitach from the Universit? Paris Descartes; Katarzyna Szymanska and Colin A Johnson from St. James's University Hospital in Leeds, UK; and Philip Beales from University College London, UK.

Share this story on Facebook, Twitter, and Google:

Other social bookmarking and sharing tools:


Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Michigan Health System.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Jeremy C McIntyre, Erica E Davis, Ariell Joiner, Corey L Williams, I-Chun Tsai, Paul M Jenkins, Dyke P McEwen, Lian Zhang, John Escobado, Sophie Thomas, Katarzyna Szymanska, Colin A Johnson, Philip L Beales, Eric D Green, James C Mullikin, NISC Comparative Sequencing Program, Aniko Sabo, Donna M Muzny, Richard A Gibbs, Tania Atti?-Bitach, Bradley K Yoder, Randall R Reed, Nicholas Katsanis, Jeffrey R Martens. Gene therapy rescues cilia defects and restores olfactory function in a mammalian ciliopathy model. Nature Medicine, 2012; DOI: 10.1038/nm.2860

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/-2cD2ixqIW8/120902143147.htm

brewers pat summit matt cain adastra

Daily Kos: Don't Buy It: A conversation with communications ...

Last Sunday, Daily Kos published a review of communications maven and newly annointed author Anat Shenker-Osorio's thought-provoking (and conversation-stimulating) book, Don't Buy It: The Trouble with Talking Nonsense about the Economy. During this past week, the author and I carried on a further email discussion about the issues raised in her work about communicating on the economy. That discussion is reproduced below, and she is also making herself available in comments for users to ask questions. Enjoy! And please join in!

Head shot of

Anat Shenker-Osorio

How do you view your book as differing from Drew Westen's or from George Lakoff's work? What does it bring to the table that they don't, in terms of focus, expansion of ideas or different views?

I owe a great intellectual debt to George and Drew?both for specific analytical approaches and more generally for introducing the application of what are academic modes of analysis to real, live, political debates. Although their insights come from different fields, one essential critique they both bring is a long overdue call to stop trying to appeal to Enlightenment era reason and persuade via facts, figures and logic.

I take up aspects of what they've offered, in terms of appealing to emotion and recognizing the power of words to evoke and convey unconscious notions at odds with our best intentions. Then, I push these insights into the very concrete realm of advice for advocates struggling with how to convince a confused, overwhelmed and dejected public that progressive economic policies are the only way to improve things for our nation.

So, one difference is topical?this book is about how to talk about the economy. And another is that the findings here emerge from over 3 years of in the field research into how people make sense of and come to judgements, based on analysis of reams of written data, expert interviews and focus groups.

How many people do we need to get to adopt consistent use of a metaphor before it goes mainstream? What seems to be the crucial mass?

That's a tough one! Short of massive, longitudinal, psycho-linguistic experimentation?I'm not sure we could ever say for sure. To my knowledge, this hasn't been measured.

This said, the well-proven idea behind conceptual metaphor is that we all have access to any one of the set of them that exist for a concept. As members of a shared language community, the simplifications we rely upon for a complex concept like the economy are the same. The differences lie in our defaults?whether I (for example) am more likely to think and talk about the economy in comparing it to an object in motion whereas you (again, for example) tend to call upon natural elements for your comparison.

In a sense, all of the accessible metaphors are "mainstream"?understandable to all of us. But, repetition is what makes one more top of mind and that's what we need to have happen. With the better metaphors, of course?we have way too much repetition of the unhelpful ones.

Obviously media and politicians are necessary to bring on board if you want to change the language and the metaphors. Anyone else? (And sometimes even media and politicians aren't enough, correct?)

Yes, economists. Because there's a well-established tendency for people to assume they can't understand economic concepts and our lack of education on these topics (as I note in the book) makes them seem even more mysterious, Americans are more likely to believe in and turn to minted experts. In this case, that means economists.

Further, because pocketbook issues are so much on all our minds and thus tongues, the more people we have taking conscious pains to get the words about them right the better. When advocates are arguing for whatever particular policy is up for discussion, wage hikes, tax levels, regulations, if they do so grounded in a better model for what the economy actually behaves like, not only would their immediate argument make more sense, they'd bolster other ones up in the process.

Obviously, I'd like to see Hollywood screenwriters, journalist and other makers of mainstream discourse brought up to speed as well.

(Continue reading below the fold.)

Can't adoption of new terms and modes of thinking take at least a generation? What if you don't have time, as in climate change, for example?

If they were truly "new" then, yes. But, as I mentioned above, they aren't. It isn't possible to invent a simplifying model for people from scratch. All you can do is activate and more readily bring to mind one that exists. In other words, we actually used to know a lot of the stuff this book asks us to make present and immediate for people.

But, this said, we've fallen so deeply into unhelpful rhetorical grooves it's not easy to start actively changing what we write and say. I compare this to writing with your non-dominant hand. When I grab a pen, I do it with my right hand and easily jot down what I need to do. This is akin to typing up that press release, or tweet or speech using the words and phrases you always have?the missive practically writes itself because we've all argued about whatever we're passionate about for so long, so many times. But, to actively go against what you're used to saying?that's like choosing to write with your left hand (in my case). It's awkward. It's slow. It's frustrating?especially with your right hand just sitting there!

You are right, we don't have time. One of my big laments in the book is the squandering of our opportunity to really have the biggest, most effective, conversation about what a just and sustainable economy can and should look like. I'd argue the biggest opening in that window was end of 2007/early 2008. It's not closed now, but people are no longer in the space of wondering what happened and what should be. We're now just hanging on trying to keep what little didn't go under.

What do you do when Republicans flat-out lie in an attack, in a manner that forces you to use their terms on a stance you don't believe in? Example: ?GOP attacks Obama as the biggest spender ever, as someone who's raised taxes.? This is utterly false. And the mode right now is to come back (with charts!) saying, "See! We DON'T spend! We freeze federal wages! We lower taxes!" This is fighting on their ground. Yes, it's correcting the facts, but raising taxes is what is needed, spending is what is NEEDED ? Yet their flat-out blatant lie forces us to end up defending a stance we don't believe in. How do we escape this linguistic thought trap? Do you correct that, even though it then means fighting on their turf? Or do you somehow try to shift it to: "And what's wrong with that? Government is good, etc."?

I recently got into a fierce debate with activists I admire who were intent upon broadcasting how Romney's tax plan was found to raise taxes on many groups. They found this "fact" (already of dubious use given how hard it is to break a frame using actual evidence) to be a real zinger. At first, I tried a simple one sentence rebuttal: ?I thought we were for taxes?? Sadly, things devolved from there.

I firmly believe that when we message from the other guy's values, we lose. This was true when we said abortion was about getting government out (thanks, Hyde Amendment!), claimed curbing energy consumption was about abating terrorism (let's drill in Alaska and build keystone!) and attempted to make our pro-immigrant case by saying we wanted them to "get right with the law." And it's equally true about economic issues.

The way I'd respond to this kind of flat out lie is to correct the facts without accepting the frame. So, to use your example, "It would be amazing if that were the case. I'd love to say we put even more teachers in your kids' classes, hired the best American workers to shore up our bridges and patch up our roads, and brought medical care within reach of your ailing grandparents. But we didn't?and it's high time we do." There's so much potential for humor in lieu of defensiveness (and charts).

By the end of the book, it seems we've almost moved from discussing language to undoing the holy belief in the Protestant work ethic (which, I agree, is disgraceful, dysfunctional prism through which to view the value of life as lived). Quite a different?and near impossible??undertaking, yes? Where do words leave off and ideas begin? Are they so entwined they're impossible to really completely separate, ever?

I'm not a fan of said ethic but I'd argue that's actually not the opponent I'm tackling here in the book. If people want to work crazy hours because they love their jobs, enjoy their colleagues, seek to avoid their spouse, are about to cure cancer, or whatever personal motivation propels this?more power to them. I personally love my work and do lots of it. I'm going to guess you and most of your readers are in this camp too.

But what I do want to see banished is the idea that we are supposed to work for the Economy. The idea that keeping It happy or growing, or healthy or what have you is our greatest responsibility, our moral duty?that's just sick. The economy is nothing outside of us so the notion that we owe it fealty is ridiculous; it's deeply damaging to all of us as workers and to our planet that must somehow endure a growth at all costs is good approach.

You urge the use of the metaphor of instability, an internal imbalance to describe income inequality instead of gaps, or vertical or scale metaphors. Yet isn't that so close to using the "body" metaphor you described earlier as NOT good to use? After all, dizziness, the feeling of unbalance or something feeling unstable is one that's experienced very physically, by the body.

Example: "Being off balance is a familiar and unpleasant experience that transcends demographic groups. No matter where you?re from or what you have, you?ve spun yourself into dizziness at one time or another. What this model refers to is an instability that can only be righted internally."

The critical thing in considering what a certain metaphor is likely to evoke is to ascertain what we'd call its entailments. More simply, the set of immediate associations we have with it. I would argue that the ability to feel off-balance or dizzy is not a salient feature of a human body. In other words, if people were asked to free associate about bodies, they'd talk about organs, feelings, health, perhaps bodily functions but dizziness wouldn't be top of mind.

Therefore, I'm not concerned that evoking internal imbalance necessarily brings with it the idea of a body. Many things depend upon balance to operate well?airplanes, cars, moving toys, other machines.

However, at the risk of compressing too much into one answer, it is actually important to have the conversation about inequality at both levels: how it affects the whole and how it affects specific individuals in known marginalized groups. We need the human element in the simplifying model because of all the economic issues I discuss in the book, inequality is the one most acutely relevant to the experience of people in our society. Humans experience the economy, so it's important for the model we use to talk about to allow for that.

Source: http://www.dailykos.com/story/2012/09/02/1125642/-Don-t-Buy-It-A-conversation-with-communications-consultant-and-author-Anat-Shenker-Osorio

nhl obamacare Nexus 7 euro 2012 dominion power Colorado Springs pga tour

Government team presented Macedonia's business opportunities in ...

Government delegation led by PM Nikola Gruevski resumes political and business visit to the US with a presentation of Macedonia's investment opportunities in Miami.

Here in Miami we held a business presentation before numerous companies. We have presented opportunities for doing business in Macedonia and with some of them we held separate meetings and discussed concrete projects. We also held talks with a car company and other companies with which we will continue the communication aimed at attracting them to open companies, factories and new jobs in Macedonia, PM Gruevski said.

He is satisfied from the road shows and believes that contacts and meetings will be fruitful for opening new jobs in Macedonia.

In Detroit, Gruevski and the government delegation will attend an annual meeting of the diaspora. In Atlanta, Macedonia's investment opportunities will be presented at a business event organised in cooperation with the city's business community.

Source: http://macedonia-tourism.blogspot.com/2012/09/government-team-presented-macedonias.html

steven tyler tropic thunder carnie wilson missing reese witherspoon pregnant billy joel bent

New long-term antimicrobial catheter developed

[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Sep-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Laura Udakis
l.udakis@sgm.ac.uk
44-079-908-26696
Society for General Microbiology

A novel antimicrobial catheter that remains infection-free for up to twelve weeks could dramatically improve the lives of long-term catheter users. The scientists who have developed the new technology are presenting their work at the Society for General Microbiology's Autumn Conference at the University of Warwick.

Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a catheter that can kill most urinary bacteria, including most strains of Proteus bacteria the most common cause of catheter infections. Importantly the antimicrobial catheter retains its activity for between six to twelve weeks, making it suitable for long-term use, unlike existing commercial anti-infection catheters.

Urinary catheters are commonly used to manage incontinence in the elderly or individuals who have suffered long-term spinal cord injury. All catheters become infected after a couple of weeks and Proteus bacteria are responsible for up to 40% of these infections. The bacterium sticks to catheter surfaces and breaks down urea, causing the pH of urine to rise. This causes deposits of mineral crystals in the catheter which blocks it, preventing drainage. If unnoticed, catheter blockage can lead to kidney and bloodstream infections, which ultimately may result in potentially fatal septic shock.

This new antimicrobial catheter has significant advantages over existing solutions, explained Dr Roger Bayston who is leading the development. "Commercial 'anti-infection' catheters are active for only a few days and are not suitable for long-term use. There is an urgent need for an antimicrobial catheter that is suitable for long-term use. Our catheter uses patented technology that does not involve any coatings which extends its antimicrobial activity. The process involves introducing antimicrobial molecules into the catheter material after manufacture, so that they are evenly distributed throughout it, yet can move through the material to replenish those washed away from the surface."

There are 100 million catheter users worldwide whose lives can be severely disrupted by illness from repeat infections and side-effects from antibiotics. "The catheter technology has proven benefit in other medical settings and has the potential to be the solution to recurrent infections in long-term catheter users, which will improve quality of life of these individuals. In addition, reducing the need to frequently change catheters and treat infections would represent huge financial savings to the NHS," explained Dr Bayston.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] Public release date: 3-Sep-2012
[ | E-mail | Share Share ]

Contact: Laura Udakis
l.udakis@sgm.ac.uk
44-079-908-26696
Society for General Microbiology

A novel antimicrobial catheter that remains infection-free for up to twelve weeks could dramatically improve the lives of long-term catheter users. The scientists who have developed the new technology are presenting their work at the Society for General Microbiology's Autumn Conference at the University of Warwick.

Researchers at the University of Nottingham have developed a catheter that can kill most urinary bacteria, including most strains of Proteus bacteria the most common cause of catheter infections. Importantly the antimicrobial catheter retains its activity for between six to twelve weeks, making it suitable for long-term use, unlike existing commercial anti-infection catheters.

Urinary catheters are commonly used to manage incontinence in the elderly or individuals who have suffered long-term spinal cord injury. All catheters become infected after a couple of weeks and Proteus bacteria are responsible for up to 40% of these infections. The bacterium sticks to catheter surfaces and breaks down urea, causing the pH of urine to rise. This causes deposits of mineral crystals in the catheter which blocks it, preventing drainage. If unnoticed, catheter blockage can lead to kidney and bloodstream infections, which ultimately may result in potentially fatal septic shock.

This new antimicrobial catheter has significant advantages over existing solutions, explained Dr Roger Bayston who is leading the development. "Commercial 'anti-infection' catheters are active for only a few days and are not suitable for long-term use. There is an urgent need for an antimicrobial catheter that is suitable for long-term use. Our catheter uses patented technology that does not involve any coatings which extends its antimicrobial activity. The process involves introducing antimicrobial molecules into the catheter material after manufacture, so that they are evenly distributed throughout it, yet can move through the material to replenish those washed away from the surface."

There are 100 million catheter users worldwide whose lives can be severely disrupted by illness from repeat infections and side-effects from antibiotics. "The catheter technology has proven benefit in other medical settings and has the potential to be the solution to recurrent infections in long-term catheter users, which will improve quality of life of these individuals. In addition, reducing the need to frequently change catheters and treat infections would represent huge financial savings to the NHS," explained Dr Bayston.

###


[ Back to EurekAlert! ] [ | E-mail | Share Share ]

?


AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.


Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2012-09/sfgm-nla083112.php

east west shrine game